![]() For example, a Macedonian coin remains as untarnished today as the day it was minted 23 centuries ago. It never needs to be polished and will remain beautiful forever. Therefore, it is suitable for jewellery, coins and ornamental purposes. First of all, it has a lustrous beauty that is resistant to corrosion. Gold, a precious metal, is prized for two important characteristics. In the following text, it is clear that it refers to the key noun gold, but when used throughout the text, the style becomes monotonous. Sometimes, repetition of a key noun is preferred even when the reference is clear. ![]() Parallelism (PllM): the use of similar grammatical forms and sentence structures.Repetition (with exact word or parallel term/synonym) (R).We will examine four cohesive devices: (Note: the symbols in brackets will be used in examples and practice activities.) They allow the reader to follow from one part of the text to another, and to understand the logical relationships between sentences and paragraphs. They carry meaning within a sentence and from a previous sentence into the next. Cohesive devices are the “glue” that holds a piece of writing together. How can you achieve coherence in your writing?Įven if English is not your first language, you can achieve coherence in your writing by using some cohesive devices. A paragraph has unity when the support sentences contribute to a greater understanding of the point made at the beginning of the paragraph. Unity: This relates to the question of relevance and maintaining the central focus of a single paragraph and throughout the essay.Cohesion: This relates to the linking of ideas within a sentence, the linking of sentences (the ties between sentences) within a paragraph and the linking between paragraphs.The reader can see that everything is logically arranged and connected, and relevance to the central focus of the essay is maintained throughout. Coherence is about making everything flow smoothly. While the Eighteenth Century is known for its rich Augustan tradition and its novels of sensibility and the gothic, writers did experiment with the blossoming form of the novel.Coherence in a piece of writing means that the reader can easily understand it. It helps lay the foundation for more complex or new ideas. ![]() Presenting familiar terms or information first allows the ideas to build and makes it easier for the reader to follow. This framing is based on the idea of reading and writing as conversation Familiar information first, new information last He involves his students in framing the conversation that takes place in the classroom. However, take care to include a referent if necessary for clarity. ![]() Using pronouns, he, she, it, they, those, this, these, can be useful when referring back to something previously mentioned in the paper. Cha embodies this tension as well in her “autobiography.” Pronouns Sterne embodies the tension between fact and fiction by complicating the biography and/or autobiography. Repeating and/or using parallel sentence structures can help readers digest complicated ideas and follow the progression of ideas. The pictures comprise the majority of the visual images in Dictee, yet she glosses over them in a couple of sentences. She interrogates the diagrams extensively however, she does not address the other visual images, specifically the photographs, with as much attention. They not only help hold the paper together, but they also add variety to the paper. Using synonyms is similar to repeating key terms/concepts/phrases, except with more diversity in word choice. The spaces between lines and around the edges of the pages invite the reader into her text to discover and explore the multiple readings and meanings. Fragments mix with complete sentences and her voice mingles with collage text while silence and space surrounds it all. Inhabiting the space between the personal and the global can be quite difficult for any writer, yet Myung Mi Kim does it in her book Commons. The key terms/concepts/phrases strengthen the organization and make the paper easier to follow, no matter how complex the material. Repeating key terms/concepts/phrases will help readers follow the main threads of the paper. Although transitions are the most obvious way to display the relationship between ideas, consider some of the following techniques and their examples: Repetition of key terms/concepts/phrases A well-organized paper uses techniques to build cohesion and coherence between and within paragraphs to guide the reader through the paper by connecting ideas, building details, and strengthening the argument.
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